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SOLID WASTE MANAGEMENT IN KATMANDU, CAPITAL CITY OF NEPAL
R. Alam, M.A.I. Chowdhury, G.M.J. Hasan, B. Karanjit, and L.R. Shrestha
ABSTRACT
Among the multitude of environmental problem existing in the urbanizing cities of developing
countries, solid waste has become one of the most prominent in the recent years, not only because of the increase in the amount, but chiefly
because of the lack of an efficient system for its management. And Katmandu city is not an exceptional. This paper discusses Katmandu’s existing
municipal solid waste management, its analyses, municipal solid waste production trends, and other related topics like conservancy wings,
organizational and financial aspect to address the actual existing practice. Prediction of solid waste generation was done for an efficient waste
management program and infrastructures that would be needed for the purpose.
IMPLEMENTATION OF ECOLOGICAL SOLID WASTE MANAGEMENT ACT: CHALLENGES AND INNOVATIONS
Barbara D.J. Tio, Ph.D. Environmental Science ABSTRACT
In response to the passage of Republic Act 9003 otherwise known as “Ecological Solid Waste
Management Act of 2000,” the Industrial Technology Development Institute (ITDI) under the Department of Science and Technology has formulated a
scheme for managing solid wastes generated from the various research divisions of the Institute.
DETERMINANTS OF HOUSEHOLD RECYCLING AND WASTE MINIMISATION BEHAVIOUR: THE CASE OF MOULTON, NORTHAMPTONSHIRE, UK
Steve Smith and Thomas Coskeran
Anne Woolridge ABSTRACT
The current climate, both political and ecological, is requiring local authorities in the UK and
elsewhere to reduce waste disposal within their areas. An increasingly prominent strand of policy in this respect is to promote recycling and waste
minimising behaviour by households, which can have a major impact on waste disposal. Various analytical approaches have attempted to establish the
key determinants of household behaviour and thus of possible policy levers. Based on cognitive psychology, the Theory of Planned Behaviour is one
such approach that provides a framework for studying links between attitudes and behaviour.
SORPTION AND LEACHING OF HEAVY METALS IN THE ANAEROBIC TREATMENT PROCESS OF ORGANIC SOLID WASTE
Valderi Duarte Leite
Jurandyr Povinelli
Shiva Prasad ABSTRACT
The behavior of eight different heavy metals present in municipal solid waste “in natura” when
submitted to anaerobic biostabilization process has been studied in this work. The results of this work reveal what would happen in a reception
system of municipal solid waste when its composition contains a significant gravimetric percentile of metallic material. When fermentable organic
matter present in municipal solid waste is submitted to biostabilization process, the metallic material undergoes redox process and it releases the
metallic species to the medium, a part of that is retained in the waste mass and the other part is carried by the leached, thus being related to
environmental problems. The results produced by this research showed that approximately 45 wt% of the influent heavy metals was retained in the
mass of the biostabilized municipal solid waste. Thus, demonstrating that, regarding municipal solid waste treatment, the sorption study results
can bring a significant contribution to the area of the treatment of solid waste such as the municipal solid waste.
POPULATION, RESIDENTIAL SOLID WASTE
GENERATION AND CONTAINERS NEEDED IN MOSUL CITY
Obey M. AL-Wattar ABSTRACT
Dumps of residential solid waste (RSW) has been visible in the districts of Mosul City long time
before the 2003 war. Moreover, in some districts, residents and others take their solid waste to the banks of River Tigris, causing further
pollution to this relatively large and fast flowing river. The Directorate of Mosul Municipality (DMM) is doing what it can to provide a sort of
minimum collection, transfer, and disposal services to the city. When the funding for these services dries up, dumps of RSW (and other solid waste)
become more visible. Having no reliable and detailed data on RSW generation for Mosul City and its districts to bite on, the DMM had to rely on the
unrealistic RSW generation rate of one kilogram per capita a day (kg/capita/day) for planning and budgeting purposes. This mini-project attempts at
bringing the DMM closer to such data, using a sample survey. The estimated RSW generation rate at source for Mosul City, using the survey data, has
been around 0.3kg/capita/day. With an estimated city population of 1.2 million or so, RSW generation would be some 400 tons a day. The study
includes, among other things, RSW generation for each municipal section of Mosul City, and containers need for twelve of its districts. The author
concludes the study with some recommendations.
APPLICATIONS OF STATIC SCREENS FOR RECOVERY OF PLACER VALUES FROM SPIRAL TAILING
Ashok Kumar Sahoo, Ranjita Swain and R. Bhima Rao ABSTRACT
Use of micro screen in effective separation for specific cut size and recovery of valuables from
spiral tailings of beach sand is discussed. With increasing deck angle of micro screen from 50° to 74°, the specific cut size of the spiral
tailings decreases from 100 to 45 micron. The overflow of micro screen containing 86% of material may be rejected, incurring overall loss of only
0.37% of heavy minerals. The screen underflow that gets enriched in heavies (19.3%) may be recirculated to the plant, so that higher recovery of
such heavy minerals can be achieved.
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