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ANALYSIS OF ELEMENTAL COMPOSITION OF SOLID INDUSTRIAL WASTES AND ITS USE FOR THE ASSESSMENT OF REUSE/RECYCLING OPTIONS
T. Seyoum and S.B. Adeloju ABSTRACT
A reliable approach is described for the analysis of the chemical composition of Solid Industrial
Wastes (SIW) from liquid waste treatment plants by a range of analytical techniques. X-ray Fluorescence (XRF) analysis was used to obtain a general
composition of inorganic analytes in the SIW and then followed by detailed analysis of major elements and most heavy metals by Inductively Coupled
Plasma-Optical Emission Spectrometry (ICP-OES). Mercury was determined by ICP-VGA (Vapor Generation Analysis) throughout the sampling period. TCLP
tests were conducted on treated filter cake and stabilized sludge to determine the concentrations of leachable heavy metals. XRD analysis was also
conducted to identify the types of phases present in both waste streams. Comparison of the chemical composition of the treated SIW is made against
EPA Victoria regulatory requirement for hazard classification. The potential use of the treated SIW for the development and implementation of
innovative reuse/recycling management options is discussed.
RECYCLING OF BAGASSE ASH IN THE RAW MIX DESIGNING AND CLINKERIZATION OF HIGH STRENGTH PORTLAND CEMENT AS A RAW MATERIAL AND ITS IMPACT ON CLINKER POTENTIAL AND FUEL CONSUMPTION
Khurshid Ali, Noor-ul-Amin , and Yousaf Iqbal
M. Tahir Shah
Bagasse ash from sugar mills of the North West Frontier Province (NWFP) has been used in the raw
mix designing for high strength Portland cement and subjected to clinkerization. The clinker was converted into cement, and different parameters of
the resulting clinker and cement were studied and compared with the British and Pakistan standard specification. It has been found that bagasse ash
can be utilized in the raw mix up to 5% only, above which the chemical and physical parameters of the resulting clinker and cement are disturbed.
With addition of 5% Bagasse ash, 6.46% energy is saved, while emission of carbon dioxide to the environment is decreased up to 1.73%. The use of 5%
Bagasse ash replaces clay up to around 5%.
SEISMIC VELOCITY ANALYSIS TO DETERMINE MOISTURE DISTRIBUTION IN A BIOREACTOR LANDFILL
A.J. Catley
C. Samson
P.J. Van Geel
To establish an effective leachate recirculation process, the moisture distribution within a
landfill must first be estimated so that leachate can be added appropriately to create optimal and homogeneous moisture conditions throughout the
waste mass. Seismic surveys were conducted at a bioreactor landfill in Ste-Sophie, Quebec, Canada, with the objective of mapping the moisture
distribution using seismic data collected from the surface of the landfill. Analysis of the travel times of direct and refracted seismic waves
established that the landfill is structured as a 4.5 m upper layer of loose waste and a 25.5 m lower layer of compacted waste with average
compressional wave velocities of 280 m/s and 380 m/s, respectively. Seismic velocity analyses indicated that an increase in moisture content, caused
by leachate injection, increased the compressional wave velocity of waste. Specifically, the injection of approximately 1m3 of leachate per meter
length of trench through two recirculation trenches caused an increase on the order of 22 m/s (7 %) in the stacking velocity of the compressional
waves reflected off the landfill bottom. The lateral radius of influence of the injected leachate was 5 m-10 m and the velocity results reached
steady state approximately 3 hours after the injection ceased.
METHODOLOGY DEVELOPMENT FOR FUTURE DECISION MAKING — OPPORTUNITES FOR NON-MUNICIPAL WASTE FACILITIES IN NORTHAMPTONSHIRE, ENGLAND
Margaret P. Bates, Nigel P. Freestone, Paul S. Phillips and Terry L. Tudor
Alban Forster
Land use planning for facilities has become a key issue in England as previously, prolonged
disputes in proceedings, due to public opposition, has meant that waste management facilities have taken an excessive period of time to be
completed and start operating. This research identifies the impact of relatively recently introduced Regulations on the possible development of new
non-municipal wastes management facilities in Northamptonshire, an English County in the East Midlands of England. The results of the research will
help provide guidance to policy makers and planners at all levels so as to enable them to make informed decisions on the selection and funding for
possible new facilities, based upon a number of management options. The results show that for some management routes there is the likely future
demand for a number of additional new facilities that are on a local, County scale e.g. Waste Electrical and Electronic Equipment (WEEE). In other
cases, there is no clear demand for future expansion e.g. Hazardous Waste facilities.
BIO COMPOSTING OF LEAF LITTERS BY EUDRILUS EUGENIAE AND ITS APPLICATION ON THE GROWTH OF GREEN GRAM (VIGNA RADIATA (L) CO. 6)
S. Jayashree, J. Rathinamala, and P. Lakshmanaperumalsamy
The present investigation of preparing vermicompost from different organic wastes (leaf litters,
tea wastes, vegetable wastes and fruit wastes) using Eudrilus eugeniae has shown evidence for positive participation of earthworm in biocomposting.
[The vermibeds were prepared with cow dung (CD) and organic wastes in the ratio of 1:1 and 1:2 with appropriate control. The vermicompost were
analyzed for pH, EC, Organic carbon (OC), N.P, K and C/N ratio. When compared with tea, vegetable and fruit wastes vermicompost, the leaf litters
vermicompost showed higher N, P and K. The OC and C/N ratio decreased significantly during maturation of the compost in 1:1 and 1:2 ratios. The pot
culture studies on the germination, growth and yield performance of Vigna radiata (L) CO 6 with vermicompost were significant.]
APPLICATION OF GEOGRAPHICAL INFORMATION SYSTEM FOR SANITARY LANDFILL SITE SELECTION
M. El-Hoz, Ph.D.
The objective of the study is to apply the Geographical Information System (GIS) as a potential tool
to identify the most suitable locations for a new sanitary landfill within the Municipal Union of Al-Koura. Criteria used have been identified based
on the guidelines produced by the Ministry of Environment and some additional constraints. The GIS maps (scale 1: 25,000) of topography, roads,
soil, surface and groundwater, geology, buildings, and aerial photo of Al-Koura district were prepared and used for site selection. As for the
operating system Windows XP and for the software, the packages ARCGIS 8.2, and ARCVIEW 8.2 were used. The site selection study has identified 6
potential areas for sanitary landfill sites. Based on the criteria, the GIS spatial operation using map layers worked very well using the ArcView
8.2. Moreover, three additional constraints were applied to narrow the potential land areas after sites visits such as the presence of fault, severe
topography and access road. The final decision will be made on appropriate ranking techniques for the determination of a new landfill site since it
has something to do with political decision, management issues and budget allocation.
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